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Moscow Metro
The Moscow Metro () is a rapid transit system serving Moscow, Russia and the neighbouring Moscow Oblast towns of Krasnogorsk, Reutov and Kotelniki. Opened in 1935 with one line and 13 stations, it was the first underground railway system in the Soviet Union. As of 2015, the Moscow Metro has 197 stations (Baumanskaya station is closed for repairs) and its route length is . The system is mostly underground, with the deepest section underground at the Park Pobedy station, one of the world's deepest. As of 2013, the Moscow Metro is the busiest metro system outside of Asia and the 6th longest in the world.
==Operation==
The Moscow Metro, a state-owned enterprise,〔(Moscow Metro copyright notice )〕 is long and consists of twelve lines and 197 stations. As of 2013 the system has an average daily ridership of 6.73 million passengers with the peak of 9.28 million.〔 Each line is identified by a name, a number and a colour. The upcoming station is announced by a male voice on inbound trains to the city center, and by a female voice on outbound trains. On the Circle line, the clockwise direction uses a male announcer, and the counter-clockwise direction, a female. The colour assigned to each line for display on maps and signs becomes the line's identifier colloquially except for the nondescript shades of green or blue assigned to the Kakhovskaya Line (route 11), the Zamoskvoretskaya Line (route 2), the Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya Line (route 10), and the Butovskaya Line (route 12).
The system operates in an enhanced spoke-hub distribution paradigm, with the majority of rail lines running radially from the centre of Moscow to the outlying areas. The Koltsevaya Line (route 5) forms a long ring which enables passenger travel between these spokes. Signs showing the stations that can be reached in a given direction are in each station.〔See this image as an example〕 A complete map is also on each station at the ticket hall, on the platforms at the information post, and in the trains in each car. Most of the stations and lines are underground, but some lines have at-grade and elevated sections. The Filyovskaya Line is notable for being the only line with most of its route at grade.
Moscow Metro starts opening at 05:25 and closes at 01:00.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Режим работы станций и вестибюлей )〕 The precise opening time varies at different stations according to the arrival of the first train, but all stations simultaneously close their entrances at 01:00 am for maintenance, and so do transfer corridors. The minimum interval between trains is 90 seconds during the morning and evening rush hours.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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